Introduction: Getting to Know Each Other
Now that you can greet people and introduce yourself, let's learn how to ask for and provide some basic personal information. This is essential for starting conversations and understanding more about the people you meet. Remember the crucial difference between informal (je) and formal (u) address!
Asking About Name
We covered this in Chapter 2, but let's recap:
- Question (Informal):
Hoe heet je?(What's your name?) - Question (Formal):
Hoe heet u?(What's your name?) - Possible Answers:
Ik heet [Name].(I am called [Name].)Ik ben [Name].(I am [Name]. - Very common)Mijn naam is [Name].(My name is [Name]. - Slightly more formal)
Asking About Origin
This question asks about where someone is originally from (their nationality or hometown).
- Question (Informal):
Waar kom je vandaan?(Where do you come from?) - Breakdown:
Waar(Where),kom(come - fromkomen),je(you),vandaan(from). - Question (Formal):
Waar komt u vandaan?(Where do you come from?) - Note: The verb
komenchanges tokomtfor the formalu. - Answer:
Ik kom uit [Country / City / Region].(I come from [Country / City / Region].) - Examples:
Ik kom uit Spanje.(I come from Spain.)Ik kom uit Londen.(I come from London.)Ik kom uit Canada.(I come from Canada.)
Asking About Residence
This question asks where someone currently lives.
- Question (Informal):
Waar woon je?(Where do you live?) - Breakdown:
Waar(Where),woon(live - fromwonen),je(you). - Question (Formal):
Waar woont u?(Where do you live?) - Note: The verb
wonenchanges towoontfor the formalu. - Answer:
Ik woon in [City / Town / Street Name].(I live in [City / Town / Street Name].) - Examples:
Ik woon in Rotterdam.(I live in Rotterdam.)Ik woon in een dorp.(I live in a village.)Ik woon in de Hoofdstraat.(I live on Main Street.)
Asking About Age
Asking someone's age can be sensitive, but here's how:
- Question (Informal):
Hoe oud ben je?(How old are you?) - Breakdown:
Hoe(How),oud(old),ben(are - fromzijn),je(you). - Question (Formal):
Hoe oud bent u?(How old are you?) - Note: The verb
zijnchanges tobentfor the formalu. - Answer:
Ik ben [Number] jaar oud.(I am [Number] years old.) - Often, Dutch speakers omit
jaar oudin casual conversation. - Examples:
Ik ben dertig jaar oud.(I am thirty years old.)Ik ben twintig.(I am twenty.)Ik ben vijfenzestig.(I am sixty-five.)
Asking About Languages Spoken
This is a very common question for learners and expats.
- Question (Informal):
Welke talen spreek je?(Which languages do you speak?) - Breakdown:
Welke(Which),talen(languages),spreek(speak - fromspreken),je(you). - Question (Formal):
Welke talen spreekt u?(Which languages do you speak?) - Note: The verb
sprekenchanges tospreektfor the formalu. - Answer:
Ik spreek [Language 1] (, [Language 2], en [Language 3]).(I speak [Language 1] (, [Language 2], and [Language 3]).) - You can add
een beetje(a little bit) before a language. - Examples:
Ik spreek Engels en Duits.(I speak English and German.)Ik spreek Spaans en een beetje Nederlands.(I speak Spanish and a little bit of Dutch.)Ik spreek alleen Engels.(I only speak English.)
Example Dialogue (Informal)
Anna: Hallo, ik ben Anna. Bart: Hoi Anna, ik ben Bart. Waar kom je vandaan? Anna: Ik kom uit Engeland. En jij? Bart: Ik kom uit Nederland. Ik woon hier in Utrecht. Waar woon jij? Anna: Ik woon nu ook in Utrecht! Bart: Leuk! Welke talen spreek je? Anna: Ik spreek Engels en een beetje Nederlands.
Example Dialogue (Formal)
Clerk: Goedemiddag. Kan ik u helpen? (Good afternoon. Can I help you?) Customer: Ja, graag. Ik zoek dit boek. (Yes, please. I am looking for this book.) Clerk: Natuurlijk. Waar komt u vandaan? Uw accent is niet Nederlands. (Of course. Where do you come from? Your accent isn't Dutch.) Customer: Ik kom uit Frankrijk, maar ik woon nu in Den Haag. (I come from France, but I live in The Hague now.) Clerk: Ah, interessant. Spreekt u Nederlands? (Ah, interesting. Do you speak Dutch?) Customer: Ja, een beetje. Ik leer het nog. (Yes, a little bit. I am still learning it.)
Practice asking and answering these questions to become more comfortable with basic conversations.